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Hiatal hernia, which increases the likelihood of GERD due to mechanical and motility factors.Mouth Ī comparison of a healthy condition to GERDĪcid reflux is due to poor closure of the lower esophageal sphincter, which is at the junction between the stomach and the esophagus. About 90% of infants will outgrow their reflux by their first birthday. Of the estimated 4 million babies born in the US each year, up to 35% of them may have difficulties with reflux in the first few months of their lives, known as 'spitting up'. Children may have one symptom or many no single symptom is universal in all children with GERD. Inconsolable crying, refusing food, crying for food and then pulling off the bottle or breast only to cry for it again, failure to gain adequate weight, bad breath, and burping are also common. GERD in children may cause repeated vomiting, effortless spitting up, coughing, and other respiratory problems, such as wheezing.
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Symptoms may vary from typical adult symptoms. GERD may be difficult to detect in infants and children since they cannot describe what they are feeling and indicators must be observed. Other complications can include aspiration pneumonia. GERD sometimes causes injury of the larynx (LPR).
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Occasional gastroesophageal reflux without troublesome symptoms or complications is even more common. In the Western world, between 10 and 20% of the population is affected by GERD. Medications include antacids, H 2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors, and prokinetics. Lifestyle changes include not lying down for three hours after eating, lying down on the left side, raising the pillow/bedhead height, losing weight, avoiding foods which result in symptoms, and stopping smoking. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgery for those who do not improve with the first two measures. Diagnosis among those who do not improve with simpler measures may involve gastroscopy, upper GI series, esophageal pH monitoring, or esophageal manometry. Acid reflux is due to poor closure of the lower esophageal sphincter, which is at the junction between the stomach and the esophagus. Medications that may cause or worsen the disease include benzodiazepines, calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, NSAIDs, and certain asthma medicines. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, hiatal hernia, and taking certain medicines. Complications include esophagitis, esophageal stricture, and Barrett's esophagus. Symptoms include the taste of acid in the back of the mouth, heartburn, bad breath, chest pain, regurgitation, breathing problems, and wearing away of the teeth. Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease ( GORD) is a chronic condition in which stomach contents and acid rise up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or complications.